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The orange roughy, red roughy, slimehead, or deep sea perch (''Hoplostethus atlanticus'') is a relatively large deep-sea fish belonging to the slimehead family (Trachichthyidae). The Marine Conservation Society has categorized orange roughy as "vulnerable to exploitation". It is found in , deep (bathypelagic, ) waters of the Western Pacific Ocean, eastern Atlantic Ocean (from Iceland to Morocco; and from Walvis Bay, Namibia, to off Durban, South Africa), Indo-Pacific (off New Zealand and Australia), and in the Eastern Pacific off Chile. The orange roughy is notable for its extraordinary lifespan, up to 149 years. It is important to commercial deep-trawl fisheries. The fish is actually a bright, brick-red color; however, the orange roughy fades to a yellowish orange after death. Like other slimeheads, the orange roughy is slow-growing and late to mature, resulting in a very low resilience. They are extremely susceptible to overfishing because of this, and many stocks (especially those off New Zealand and Australia, which were first exploited in the late 1970s) have already crashed; recently discovered substitute stocks are rapidly dwindling. The flesh is firm with a mild flavour; it is sold skinned and filleted, fresh or frozen. == Description == The orange roughy is not a vertically slender fish. Its rounded head is riddled with muciferous canals (part of the lateral line system), as is typical of slimeheads. The single dorsal fin contains four to six spines and 15 to 19 soft rays; the anal fin contains three spines and 10 to 12 soft rays. The 19 to 25 ventral scutes (modified scales) form a hard, bony median ridge between the pelvic fins and anus. The pectoral fins contain 15-18 soft rays each; the pelvic fins are thoracic and contain one spine and six soft rays; the caudal fin is forked. The interior of the mouth and gill cavity is a bluish black; the mouth itself is large and strongly oblique. The scales are ctenoid and adherent. The lateral line is uninterrupted, with 28 to 32 scales whose spinules or 'ctenii' largely obscure the lateral line's pores. The eyes are large. The orange roughy is the largest known slimehead species at a maximum standard length (a measurement which excludes the tail fin) of and a maximum weight of . The average commercial catch size is commonly between in length. "Orange roughy" was renamed from the less gastronomically-appealing "slime head" through a US National Marine Fisheries Service program during the late 1970s, which identified (then) underused species that should be renamed to make them more marketable. Due to its longevity, the orange roughy accumulates large amounts of mercury in its tissues,〔(Updating the Existing Risk Management Strategy for Mercury in Retail Fish ) Health Canada〕 having a range of 0.30-0.86 ppm compared with an average mercury level of 0.086 ppm for other edible fish.〔(Mercury in Seafood ) Seafood Network Information Centre〕 Based on average consumption and the recommendations of a National Marine Fisheries Service study, in 1976, the FDA set the maximum safe mercury level for fish at 1 ppm.〔 Regular consumption of orange roughy can have adverse effects on health.〔(Techno-economic data on Mercury and major compounds ) INERIS June 13, 2006〕 Compared to most edible fish, orange roughy are a very poor source of omega-3 fatty acids, averaging less than 3.5 g/kg. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「orange roughy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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